Red boxes higlight protection frameworks that are exact matches to your search. Results also include other protection frameworks (in grey boxes) that might apply due to their federal jurisdiction or unrestricted scope.
Quebec Unrestricted
In Quebec, the Act to facilitate the Disclosure of Wrongdoings Relating to Public Bodies (CQLR, c. D-11.1), applies to provincial departments, as well as the National Assembly, Government-appointed bodies, public agencies, school boards, publicly funded childcare and daycare centres, universities and organizations within the public health and social services network. Under the Act, any person—public servant or not—may disclose wrongdoings by a public servant to the Protecteur des citoyens. Reprisals against a person that has cooperated or made a disclosure in good faith are prohibited and subject to fines.
Unrestricted
In Quebec, the Civil Code (CQLR, c. CCQ-1991, art. 1472) provides for the exoneration of liability to anyone who discloses a trade secret for “considerations of general interest” and, particularly, for “reasons of public health or safety.” This provision appears much broader than other provincial and federal statutes, especially as it does not restrict protected disclosure to those made to a public authority. It does not, however, apply to labour relations (Villa d'Argenteuil 1996 c. UEES 800, 2002 QC SAT G/01/242P).
Canada Unrestricted
The Competition Act (LRC 1985, c. C-34) provides protection for employees who disclose information to the Commissioner of Competition regarding a past or potential offence of the Act. Any person who has reasonable grounds to believe that a person has committed or intends to commit an offence under the Act, may notify the Commissioner of the particulars of the matter and may request that his or her identity be kept confidential with respect to the notification.
The Educational Childcare Act (CQLR c S-4.1.1) protects any person who has disclosed a wrongdoing to the Minister of Education. The Act also protects against reprisals for making a disclosure, seeking advice or cooperating with the Minister.
Childcare
New Brunswick Unrestricted
The Employment Standards Act (SNB, c. E-7.2) protects employees who have disclosed information regarding a contravention of the Act to the Director of the Employment Standards. The Act also prohibits any reprisals against any employee who disclosed information regarding a violation of the Act.
Unrestricted • Workplace conditions
Prince Edward Island Public sector
The Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act (RSPEI 1988, c F-15.01) protects public sector employees who have disclosed information, in writing, regarding a risk of significant harm to the environment or to the health or safety of the public. The Act protects employees against reprisals for making a protected disclosure.
Privacy and Data Protection • Unrestricted
Alberta Unrestricted
In Alberta, the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act (SA 2012, c. P-39.5) protects public service employees, as well as some from the private sector, for the disclosure of specific wrongdoings to their supervisor, some designated officers or the Alberta Public Interest Commissioner. The statute applies predominantly to the public service and provincial agencies, although the provisions also apply equally to some private organizations such as academic institutions, schools boards and public health organizations, as well as government service providers in the course of a business relationship with the government.
New Brunswick Public sector
The Public Interest Disclosure Act (RSNB 2012, c. 112) protects public sector employees who have disclosed wrongdoings to supervisors, designated officers within an organization, or to the New Brunswick Ombudsman. The Act prohibits reprisals against employees who have made a disclosure, sought advice about making a disclosure, or cooperated in an investigation under the Act.
British Columbia Public sector
The Public Interest Disclosure Act (SBC 2018, c 22) protects public sector employees who make a disclosure regarding a matter of public interest and serious wrongdoing in or relating to a ministry, office or government body. The Act prohibits any reprisals against an employee who has made a protected disclosure.
Newfoundland and Labrador Public sector
The Public Interest Disclosure and Whistleblower Protection Act (S.N.L. 2014, c. P-37.2) protects public sector employees who have disclosed a wrongdoing, in writing, to the Citizens Representative. The Act also protects employees against reprisals for making a disclosure, seeking advice, or cooperating with the Citizen’s Representative.
The Public Interest Disclosure and Whistleblower Protection Policy (RSPEI 1988, c P-31.01) provides an administrative framework for the disclosure of wrongdoings. Public servants can disclose, in writing, wrongdoings to a supervisor, a Deputy Head, or the Ethics and Integrity Commissioner. The Policy prohibits reprisals against an employee who makes a protected disclosure.
Nova Scotia Private sector (residual) • Public sector
The Public Interest Disclosure of Wrongdoing Act (SNS 2010, c. 42) protects public servants who disclose wrongdoings to a supervisor, a designated officer or the province’s Ombudsman in writing. If the wrongdoing constitutes an imminent risk of substantial and specific danger to the life, health or safety of an individual or to the environment and there is not enough time to follow internal procedures, the employee may make the disclosure to the public. However, that disclosure should be made to an appropriate law enforcement agency first. Alongside employees, corporations majorly owned by the Province and organizations that deliver services on behalf of the Provinces, and are substantially publicly funded, are also protected under the Act.
Yukon Public sector
The Public Interest Disclosure of Wrongdoing Act (SY 2014, c. 19) protects disclosures of wrongdoings made to a supervisor, a designated officer, or the Public Interest Disclosure Commissioner. Public servants who sought advice prior to a disclosure or collaborated in an investigation are protected from reprisals under the Act. The Act also protects public servants from reprisals for refusing to take part in a wrongdoing.
Canada Public sector
The Public Servants Disclosure Protection Act (SC 2005, c. 46) provides civil protection for disclosure of wrongdoing made by public sector employees. The protection only covers disclosure made to specifically designated people and entities, except if the disclosure relates to a wrongdoing that is a serious offence or poses an imminent risk of danger to the life, health and safety of an individual, or to the environment. Members of law enforcement, military and intelligence communities are subject to specific derogatory regimes.
Ontario Public sector
Under the Public Service of Ontario Act (SO 2006, c. 35), a public servant is protected from reprisals for disclosing a wrongdoing to a designated officer or the Integrity Commissioner.
Manitoba Unrestricted
The Whistleblower Protection Act (CCSM c P217) protects private and public sector employees who disclose wrongdoings, in writing, to their supervisor, a designated officer or to the Manitoba Ombudsman. An exception exists, however, in the case of a matter that constitutes an imminent risk to the life, health or safety of persons or the environment, where a public disclosure is possible if there is insufficient time to disclose through the internal procedure. The Act also prohibits any reprisal against an employee who has disclosed a wrongdoing.
Saskatchewan Public sector
The Public Interest Disclosure Act (SS 2011, c. P-38.1) protects public servants that disclose wrongdoings to designated officers within their organization or to the Public Interest Disclosure Commissioner. Any retaliation towards a public servant is deemed an offence by the Act and is subject to fines.
Saskatchewan Unrestricted
The Saskatchewan Employment Act (SS 2013, c. S-15.1) protects employees who report a contravention to the Act to a supervisor, a law enforcement agency or officials in charge of enforcing the Act. The Act also prohibits any reprisal against an employee who has made a protected disclosure.